
kind: Kubernetes in Docker for CI/CD
kind (Kubernetes in Docker) emerges as a powerful tool for local development and CI/CD testing, offering a lightweight alternative to minikube.

kind (Kubernetes in Docker) emerges as a powerful tool for local development and CI/CD testing, offering a lightweight alternative to minikube.

Kubernetes 1.12 introduces HPA v2beta2 with stable custom metrics support, enabling autoscaling on application metrics, queue depth, and cloud service metrics beyond CPU and memory.

Kubernetes 1.12 graduates kubelet TLS bootstrap and Azure VMSS to GA, introduces RuntimeClass, volume snapshot alpha, and major autoscaling improvements for large clusters.

Ambassador 1.0 provides a Kubernetes-native API gateway built on Envoy, delivering dynamic configuration, rate limiting, and observability for microservices.

Linkerd 2.0 rewrites the service mesh in Rust, adopting a sidecar model and Kubernetes-native configuration for better performance and simpler operations.

Traefik 1.7 expands beyond HTTP—adding TCP routing, Kubernetes CRDs, and Let's Encrypt wildcard support for production ingress control.

Istio 1.0 graduates the service mesh to production readiness with stable APIs, security hardening, and Kubernetes-native operations.

AWS VPC CNI 1.1 enables Kubernetes pods to receive native VPC IP addresses on EKS, providing seamless integration with AWS networking features and eliminating overlay network overhead.

Knative debuts with Serving, Build, and Eventing components, giving Kubernetes operators a pluggable serverless substrate.

Comparing the three major managed Kubernetes services: Amazon EKS, Azure Kubernetes Service, and Google Kubernetes Engine as they reach production maturity.